Mu musaruro winganda, peteroli nikintu cyingenzi kandi cyingenzi.Kurungurura amavuta biri mubyiciro bibiri:
1. Amavuta ya peteroli
Amavuta ya peteroli ni uruvange rugizwe na hydrocarbone zitandukanye, sulfide, ibinyabuzima bya azote, nibindi, bishobora kwangiza ibikoresho nibidukikije.Kubwibyo, birakenewe gushungura amavuta ya peteroli.
Intego yo kuyungurura amavuta ya peteroli ni ugukuraho umwanda, kuzamura ubwiza bwamavuta ya peteroli, no kwemeza imikorere isanzwe yo gutunganya nyuma.Muri icyo gihe, amavuta ya peteroli yungurujwe arashobora kandi kugabanya kwangirika no kwambara ibikoresho kandi bikongerera igihe cyo gukora ibikoresho.
2. Amavuta meza
Amavuta meza yatunganijwe kandi atunganyirizwa mumavuta ya peteroli, nk'amavuta yo gusiga, amavuta ya hydraulic, amavuta ya lisansi, nibindi. Aya mavuta arashobora kwanduzwa mugihe cyo kuyakoresha, bigatera kwambara no kunanirwa kw'ibikoresho.
Ibirimo bigomba gushungura mumavuta cyane cyane birimo ibintu byahagaritswe, ibintu byangiritse, ifu yicyuma, imiti yangiza, mikorobe, nibindi. Iyi myanda izagira ingaruka kumavuta yibikoresho, kwihutisha kwambara, ndetse bigatera no kunanirwa kw'ibikoresho.Kubwibyo, kuyungurura amavuta byabaye uburyo bwingenzi kugirango imikorere isanzwe yibikoresho
Ihame ryo kuyungurura amavuta ni ugutandukanya cyane cyane ibintu byahagaritswe nkumwanda, ibintu byangiza, nifu yicyuma mumavuta binyuze mumashanyarazi.Iyi nzira ahanini iterwa no guhitamo ibiyungurura ibitangazamakuru no gushushanya.Ibisanzwe bikoreshwa muyungurura itangazamakuru ririmo gushungura impapuro, gushungura ecran, gushungura ipamba, nibindi, bifite ubunini butandukanye bwo kuyungurura no kurwanya umuvuduko.
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwamavuta yo kuyungurura, harimo kuyungurura imashini, kuyungurura imiti no kuyungurura ibinyabuzima.Akayunguruzo ka mashini nugushungura cyane cyane ibice binini, umwanda nibindi bintu byahagaritswe mumavuta binyuze mubitangazamakuru byungurura nka ecran ya ecran cyangwa impapuro.Kurungurura imiti nugushungura imiti yangiza mumavuta hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa chimique nka adsorption, imvura, hamwe no guhana ion.Bio-kuyungurura ni ugushungura mikorobe nimpumuro nziza mumavuta ukoresheje ibintu biologiya nka enzymes biologique cyangwa karubone ikora.
Mubikorwa bifatika, kuyungurura amavuta bigomba gutekereza kubikorwa bitandukanye nibisabwa.Kurugero, ukurikije imiterere yubukonje bwinshi nuburemere bwinshi, birakenewe guhitamo akayunguruzo gafite imbaraga nyinshi nubushyuhe bwo hejuru;mugihe kumiterere yubukonje buke nuburemere buke, birakenewe guhitamo akayunguruzo kita cyane kubyera.Mubyongeyeho, kubwoko butandukanye bwibikomoka kuri peteroli, birakenewe kandi guhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo kuyungurura nibicuruzwa.
Kurungurura amavuta bisaba gusuzuma ibintu bikurikira:
Kwiyungurura neza:Guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuyungurura birashobora gukuraho neza umwanda uri mumavuta, kandi mugihe kimwe, kuyungurura birenze urugero ntabwo bizatuma igabanuka ryubwiza bwamavuta.
Kurwanya igitutu:ibicuruzwa byo kuyungurura amavuta bigomba kugira imbaraga zihagije zo guhangana nigikorwa cyo kuyungurura munsi yumuvuduko mwinshi.
Guhuza imiti:Amavuta arimo imiti itandukanye, kandi ibicuruzwa byo kuyungurura bigomba guhuzwa niyi miti idafite imiti cyangwa ruswa.
Ubushobozi bwo kurwanya umwanda:Ibicuruzwa byo kuyungurura bigomba kugira ubushobozi bwiza bwo kurwanya umwanda, bishobora gukuraho neza umwanda wamavuta, kandi mugihe kimwe, ntabwo byoroshye guhagarikwa cyangwa kwanduzwa.
Kuborohereza kubungabunga:Kuborohereza kubungabunga ibicuruzwa byo kuyungurura nabyo ni ibintu bigomba kwitabwaho, harimo ingorane nigiciro cyo gusimbuza ibintu byungurura no guhanagura impapuro.
Muri make, kuyungurura amavuta numuyoboro wingenzi kugirango umusaruro winganda.Muguhitamo ibicuruzwa bikwiye byo kuyungurura amavuta, umwanda uri mumavuta urashobora gukurwaho neza, ubuziranenge bwamavuta burashobora kunozwa, kandi imikorere isanzwe yo gutunganya nyuma irashobora kwemezwa.Muri icyo gihe, amavuta yungurujwe arashobora kandi kugabanya kwangirika no kwambara ibikoresho kandi bikongerera igihe cyo gukora ibikoresho.
Isosiyete yacu itanga ibicuruzwa byo kuyungurura amavuta nkayunguruzo, ibintu byungurura, ibizunguruka byuzuza, ibipapuro byerekana ibicuruzwa, gasketi, ibyuma byerekana insinga, ibyuma bya meshi byangiza, nibindi bicuruzwa bifite ubunini butandukanye bwo kuyungurura, kurwanya igitutu nubuzima bwa serivisi, bigomba guhitamo ukurikije ibihe bitandukanye byakazi nibisabwa.Turashobora guhitamo ibicuruzwa byibisobanuro bitandukanye, ingano hamwe nayunguruzo neza dukurikije ibyo abakiriya bakeneye.
