Akayunguruzo k'umucanga gakoreshwa mubucuruzi bwa peteroli ninganda zitunganya amazi.Ihame ryo gushungura umucanga na kaburimbo ni ugukoresha cyane cyane muyungurura cyangwa ibikoresho byo kuyungurura gutandukanya umucanga na kaburimbo n'amavuta cyangwa amazi.Imbere muyungurura ubusanzwe igizwe nayunguruzo rwitangazamakuru, nka mesh ya Johnson mesh, karubone ikora, ceramika, ecran ya ecran, filteri, nibindi.Iyo amavuta cyangwa amazi anyuze muyungurura, umwanda nkumucanga namabuye ufatirwa mumashanyarazi, mugihe amavuta meza cyangwa amazi asohoka ava mumashanyarazi.
Ibikomoka kuri peteroli nimwe mu nkomoko yingufu zinganda zigezweho.Nyamara, peteroli ikunze kuba irimo imyanda itandukanye, ikunze kugaragara cyane ni umucanga nuduce twa kaburimbo.Ibi bice byumucanga birashobora kugira ingaruka mbi mubushakashatsi bwa peteroli, gutunganya no gutwara, bityo kuyungurura umucanga ni ihuriro rikomeye mubikorwa bya peteroli.
Mu rwego rwo gushungura neza umucanga na kaburimbo, uruganda rwa peteroli rwakoresheje uburyo nibikoresho bitandukanye.Ibikurikira bizamenyekanisha tekinoroji hamwe nibikoresho byinshi byo gushungura umucanga na kaburimbo:
Gutandukanya: Gutandukanya nigikoresho gikoreshwa mugushungura umucanga na kaburimbo.Ifata ihame ryo gutandukana kumubiri, ikanatandukanya ibice byumucanga na kaburimbo hamwe namavuta hakoreshejwe ubutumburuke bwa rukuruzi, imbaraga zo kuzunguruka cyangwa imbaraga zo kuzunguruka.Ihame ryakazi ryo gutandukanya ni ukunyuza amavuta nu mucanga unyuze mubikoresho bitandukanya imbere mubikoresho, kugirango amavuta ashobore kunyura neza, mugihe ibice byumucanga bitandukanijwe.
Amashanyarazi: Amashanyarazi nubundi buryo busanzwe bwo gushungura umucanga na kaburimbo.Ishiraho akayunguruzo mu muyoboro wa peteroli kugirango uhagarike ibice byumucanga, byemerera amavuta gusa kunyuramo.Akayunguruzo Mugaragaza irashobora guhitamo gushungura gutandukanye no gushungura ibikoresho ukurikije ibikenewe.Mugihe cyo gukoresha, akayunguruzo kegeranya buhoro buhoro imyanda, bityo akayunguruzo kagomba guhanagurwa cyangwa gusimburwa buri gihe.
Umurobyi: Ufata kandi ni kimwe mu bikoresho bikoreshwa mu kuyungurura umucanga na kaburimbo.Ifata kandi ikusanya ibice byumucanga mumavuta mugushiraho ibikoresho byo kuroba.Imitego isanzwe ikoresha ibitebo cyangwa ecran kugirango ifate ibice, bivanwaho nibikoresho byogusukura.Guhitamo no gushushanya imitego hitabwa ku bunini n'ubucucike bw'uduce duto duto, kimwe n'ibisabwa amavuta.
Akayunguruzo ka Centrifugal: Centrifugal filter nigikoresho cyiza cyo gushungura umucanga na kaburimbo.Ikoresha imbaraga za centrifugal gutandukanya ibice byumucanga mumavuta.Muguhindura umuvuduko wo kuzunguruka ya centrifugal filter no gushushanya imbaraga zikwiye za centrifugal, umusenyi mwiza hamwe na kaburimbo birashobora kugerwaho.Akayunguruzo ka Centrifugal akenshi gashobora gukoresha amavuta menshi kandi irashobora gutandukanya ibice byumucanga vuba kandi neza.
Mugihe cyo gutoranya no gukoresha uburyo bwo gushungura umucanga namabuye hamwe nibikoresho, ibintu nkibiranga amavuta, ingano nubunini bwumucanga namabuye, hamwe namavuta agomba gutekerezwa.Mubyongeyeho, kubungabunga buri gihe no gusukura ibikoresho byo kuyungurura nabyo ni ngombwa cyane kugirango ukore imikorere isanzwe no kuyungurura.
Kurungurura umucanga numuyoboro wingenzi mubikorwa bya peteroli.Binyuze mu guhitamo neza no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga n’ibikoresho byo kuyungurura, ubwiza bwa peteroli burashobora kunozwa, ibyago byo kwangirika kwibikoresho birashobora kugabanuka, kandi imikorere ikomeza kandi ikora neza y’amavuta irashobora kwizerwa.Ibigo bikomoka kuri peteroli bigomba kwitondera umurimo wo kuyungurura umucanga na kaburimbo, kandi bigakomeza kwita ku ikoranabuhanga n’ibikoresho bishya, kugira ngo bikomeze kunoza imikorere no kuyungurura.
Amazi nimwe mubikoresho byingirakamaro mubuzima bwacu.Nyamara, amasoko y'amazi akunze kuba arimo umwanda utandukanye, usanzwe kandi usanzwe muri wo ni umucanga n'amabuye.Ibi bice byumucanga birashobora gutera ibibazo byinshi kumasoko yamazi, nko kugira ingaruka kumazi meza, imiyoboro ifunze, nibikoresho byangiza.Kubwibyo, gushungura umucanga na kaburimbo byabaye intambwe yingenzi mugusukura amasoko.
Ihame ryo gushungura umucanga namabuye mumazi bishingiye kukuba ibice bifite ubunini bunini buke bidashobora kunyura mu byobo byayunguruzo, bityo bikagera ku gutandukanya amazi nuduce.Ingano ya pore nuburyo bwa filteri igena ingano nubwoko bwibintu bishobora gukurwaho.Ibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa muyungurura birimo umucanga wa quartz, karubone ikora, ceramics, nibindi.
Kugirango dushungure neza umucanga na kaburimbo, dushobora gukoresha uburyo nibikoresho bitandukanye.Ibikurikira bizamenyekanisha tekinoroji hamwe nibikoresho bisanzwe byo gushungura umucanga namabuye mumazi:
Kwinjira: Kwinjira nuburyo bworoshye kandi bunoze bwo kuyungurura.Ikoresha ibikoresho byinshi byungurura ibikoresho, nkumusenyi wa quartz, karubone ikora, nibindi, kugirango uyungurure umucanga nuduce twa kaburimbo binyuze muri intermolecular adsorption no kwerekana.Muburyo bwo Kwinjira, amazi yinjira mumurongo wo hejuru kandi akayungururwa kumurongo ukoresheje ibikoresho byungurura ibintu byiza.Ubu buryo burashobora gukuraho neza ibice byumucanga mumazi, kandi bikanakuraho umubare munini wibintu kama byashizwe hamwe na mikorobe.
Kwikuramo: Kwikuramo ni uburyo bwo gutuza ibice byumucanga kuburemere.Turashobora kubikora hamwe n'ibigega byo gutembera cyangwa abimukira.Mugihe cyo gutembera, amazi akora atinda umuvuduko, bigatuma uduce twumucanga turohama kubera uburemere.Ibice binini byumucanga bitura hasi vuba, mugihe utuntu duto duto duto buhoro.Mugucunga igihe cyimiterere nuburebure bwikigega cyimyanda, ibice byumucanga bifite ubunini butandukanye birashobora kuvaho.
Guconga: Gushungura nuburyo bwo gushungura ibice byumucanga ukoresheje inshundura yubunini bwa pore.Turashobora gushira ibikoresho byo gusuzuma nka ecran cyangwa muyungurura mumasoko y'amazi.Ibi bikoresho byo gusuzuma bifite ibinini bitandukanye kugirango uhitemo umusenyi hamwe nuduce twa kaburimbo.Ibice binini bizakurwaho kandi amazi meza azanyuramo.Inzira yo kuyungurura iroroshye kandi ikora kandi mubisanzwe ikoreshwa mugushungura ibice binini.
Akamaro ko gushungura umucanga na kaburimbo ntibishobora kwirengagizwa.Ibice byumucanga ntibizagira ingaruka gusa kumucyo no kuryoha kwamazi, ahubwo bizagira ingaruka mbi kuri sisitemu nisoko ryibikoresho.Ibice byumucanga birashobora gufunga imiyoboro, umuvuduko wamazi, kongera ingufu, no gutera kwambara no kwangiza ibikoresho.Gushungura buri gihe umucanga na kaburimbo ntibishobora gusa kurinda umutekano n’isuku y’amasoko y’amazi, ariko kandi birashobora no kongera igihe cyo gukora imiyoboro n’ibikoresho no kugabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga.
